主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 28-36.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2017.02.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海地区两次强对流天气过程灾害成因及预警研究

刘飞1, 肖鹏2, 黄宁立1, 方哲卿1, 谢潇1   

  1. 1. 上海海洋气象台, 上海 201306;
    2. 解放军91528部队气象台, 上海 200436
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-17 修回日期:2016-06-12 出版日期:2017-04-30 发布日期:2017-04-30
  • 作者简介:刘飞,女,1981年生,高级工程师,主要从事天气预报和海洋气象研究,E-mail:liufeiii@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201406010)资助。

Comparison research on the causes and warnings of two severe convection events over Shanghai

LIU Fei1, XIAO Peng2, HUANG Ning-li1, FANG Zhe-qing1, XIE Xiao1   

  1. 1. Shanghai Marine Meteorological Observation, 201306, China;
    2. Meteorological Center of 91528 PLA Troops, Shanghai 200436, China
  • Received:2015-12-17 Revised:2016-06-12 Online:2017-04-30 Published:2017-04-30

摘要: 对2014年8月24日和9月1日上海地区两次强对流灾害天气过程的环流背景、动力条件及水汽条件、不稳定层结、多普勒雷达观测等方面进行了对比分析,研究两次强对流过程的成因,并对强对流天气进行了预报预警。结果表明:上海地区8·24过程和9·01过程均发生在副热带高压边缘,均有明显的低空急流输送,两次强对流过程预报的开始时间均较实况偏早。8·24过程为槽前型强对流过程,冷锋前飑线和中尺度阵风锋造成强雷电天气。9·01过程为低涡东移型强对流过程,造成了暴雨天气。槽前型强对流过程高层为强辐散,低层为强辐合,有利于强雷暴的产生;低涡东移型强对流过程湿层深厚,降水时间长有利于产生暴雨。垂直风切变趋势预报对雷暴维持和加强具有较好的指示作用。槽前型强对流过程伴随强垂直切变配合,产生区域性强雷暴;低涡东移型强对流过程垂直切变较弱,产生区域性对流暴雨。槽前型对流系统影响时间短,需重点分析地面中小尺度低压辐合区的发展,低涡东移型强对流过程的降水起始时间与暖区对流性降水有关。

关键词: 强对流, 冷锋, 飑线, 低涡, 预报预警

Abstract: Comparison analysis were carried on using large-scale circulation,dynamic and vapor condition,instability stratification,and radar data to evaluate the formation reasons of the two severe convection events on August 24 and September 1,2014 over Shanghai,and a further warning research was conducted as well.The results show that the two events happened at the edge of subtropical high with obvious low-level jets.The events start times in forecasting were earlier than real conditions.As for the differences,severe convection appeared in front of the trough,accompanied by squall line and mesoscale gust front,causing the thunderstorm on August 24,while the deep moist tongue appeared in severe convection due to low-level vortex moving eastward,causing the long-time rainstorm on September 1,2014.Vertical wind shear is a fine indicator to the maintenance and development of a thunderstorm.The convection in front of the trough coupled with severe vertical shear tends to cause regional thunderstorm,but the convection due to low-level vortex moving eastward coupled with weak vertical shear tends to cause a regional convective rainstorm.Since the affecting time of convection system in front of trough is short,it is necessary to analyze the development of mesoscale and small-scale low pressure convergence.The start time of the convective rainstorm due to low-level vortex moving eastward is related to the warm-zone convective rainstorm.

Key words: Severe convection, Cold front, Squall lines, Low-level vortex, Forecasting and warning

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